离子交换柱（器）外壳一般采用硬聚氯乙烯（PVC）、硬聚氯乙烯复合玻璃钢（PVC-FRP）、有机玻璃（PMMA）、有机玻璃复合透明玻璃钢（PMMA-FRP）、钢衬胶（JR）、不锈钢衬胶等材质。主要用于锅炉、热电站、化工、轻工、纺织、医药、生物、电子、原子能及纯水处理的前道处理，工业生产所需进行硬水软化、去离子水制备的场合，还可用于食品药物的脱色提纯，贵重金属、化工原料的回收，电镀废水的处理等 [1]
The shell of ion exchange column (device) is generally made of hard polyvinyl chloride (PVC), hard polyvinyl chloride composite fiberglass (PVC-FRP), organic glass (PMMA), organic glass composite transparent fiberglass (PMMA-FRP), steel lining rubber (JR), stainless steel lining rubber, and other materials. Mainly used for pre-treatment of boilers, thermal power plants, chemical industry, light industry, textiles, pharmaceuticals, biology, electronics, atomic energy, and pure water treatment. In industrial production, it is necessary to soften hard water and prepare deionized water. It can also be used for decolorization and purification of food and drugs, recovery of precious metals and chemical raw materials, treatment of electroplating wastewater, etc. [1]
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混床是将阴阳离子交换树脂按一定混合比例装填在同一个离子交换器内，由于混合离子交换后进入水中的H离子与OH离子立即生成电离度很低的水分子，可以使交换反应进行得十分彻底。混床一般设置于一级复床之后，对水质的进一步纯化处理。当水质要求不高时，也可以单独使用。
A mixed bed is a process of filling anion and cation exchange resins into the same ion exchanger in a certain mixing ratio. Due to the fact that H ions and OH ions entering the water after mixed ion exchange immediately generate low ionization water molecules, the exchange reaction can be carried out very thoroughly. The mixed bed is generally set up after the first stage composite bed for further purification treatment of water quality. When the water quality requirements are not high, it can also be used separately.
树脂饱和和失效后，采用NaCl进行再生恢复：
After resin saturation and failure, NaCl is used for regeneration and recovery:
Na2-R（树脂）+Ca2+ = CaR+2Na+
Na2-R (resin)+Ca2+=CaR+2Na+
Na2-R（树脂）+Mg2+ = MgR+2Na+
Na2-R (resin)+Mg2+=MgR+2Na+
系统运行如下：运行→再生反洗、吸盐、置换、正洗→运行。。
The system runs as follows: run → regeneration backwash, salt absorption, replacement, washing → run..